Encopresis is a condition defined by the repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, such as clothing or on the floor. These episodes may occur voluntarily or involuntarily and are not a child’s choice or a sign of misbehavior. Encopresis is a recognized medical and behavioral health diagnosis.
According to the DSM-5-TR, encopresis is diagnosed when a child has at least one episode per month for three months, is four years of age or older, and the behavior is not caused by substances or another medical condition. In many cases, encopresis is associated with chronic constipation, though it can also occur without constipation.
Children with encopresis often experience shame or embarrassment, which may lead them to avoid school, social activities, or peer interactions. Some children attempt to hide or clean up stool, which can result in fecal smearing, usually driven by distress rather than intent.
Encopresis is most common in children ages four to six and is seen more frequently in children who have experienced early trauma, neglect, or socioeconomic stressors. While rates are similar in younger boys and girls, encopresis is diagnosed more often in older boys.
The impact of encopresis can extend beyond physical symptoms, affecting a child’s self-esteem, family functioning, and overall quality of life. With early identification and appropriate treatment, outcomes can improve significantly.
At Orchard Park Hospital, we understand the challenges encopresis can bring and are committed to providing compassionate, comprehensive care for children and families.
